AAPL 217.14 0.8827% MSFT 391.63 0.9824% NVDA 119.44 1.6338% GOOGL 164.77 0.5369% GOOG 166.99 0.427% AMZN 199.22 1.882% META 609.44 4.3454% AVGO 193.1406 -1.2422% LLY 849.67 1.5125% TSLA 236.6 0.3137% TSM 176.96 1.8416% V 341.295 0.4193% JPM 240.905 0.7507% UNH 508.09 0.9718% NVO 79.15 0.1899% WMT 87.01 0.7877% LVMUY 132.06 -0.9451% XOM 115.51 0.0866% LVMHF 660.0 -1.4219% MA 539.64 0.6622%
AAPL 217.14 0.8827% MSFT 391.63 0.9824% NVDA 119.44 1.6338% GOOGL 164.77 0.5369% GOOG 166.99 0.427% AMZN 199.22 1.882% META 609.44 4.3454% AVGO 193.1406 -1.2422% LLY 849.67 1.5125% TSLA 236.6 0.3137% TSM 176.96 1.8416% V 341.295 0.4193% JPM 240.905 0.7507% UNH 508.09 0.9718% NVO 79.15 0.1899% WMT 87.01 0.7877% LVMUY 132.06 -0.9451% XOM 115.51 0.0866% LVMHF 660.0 -1.4219% MA 539.64 0.6622%

X-efficiency

Updated on August 29, 2023

The term was coined by Harvard Economist Harvey Leibenstein, who argued that a lack of competition between corporations results in inefficiencies to its labour input. It defines a firm?s failure to generate maximum output with the given input due to competitive forces.