AAPL 196.2701 1.0295% MSFT 370.3 -0.3525% NVDA 100.9299 -3.4071% GOOGL 150.5794 -1.7939% GOOG 152.96 -1.6334% AMZN 173.1 -0.7056% META 504.21 0.3783% AVGO 171.77 -1.6265% LLY 832.15 13.2331% TSLA 240.76 -0.3271% TSM 153.17 0.989% V 330.413 -0.2768% JPM 232.0851 1.078% UNH 455.04 -22.2207% NVO 58.04 -7.6972% WMT 92.135 1.0363% LVMUY 109.45 0.4774% XOM 106.97 2.6682% LVMHF 550.56 0.1929% MA 513.26 -0.0331%
AAPL 196.2701 1.0295% MSFT 370.3 -0.3525% NVDA 100.9299 -3.4071% GOOGL 150.5794 -1.7939% GOOG 152.96 -1.6334% AMZN 173.1 -0.7056% META 504.21 0.3783% AVGO 171.77 -1.6265% LLY 832.15 13.2331% TSLA 240.76 -0.3271% TSM 153.17 0.989% V 330.413 -0.2768% JPM 232.0851 1.078% UNH 455.04 -22.2207% NVO 58.04 -7.6972% WMT 92.135 1.0363% LVMUY 109.45 0.4774% XOM 106.97 2.6682% LVMHF 550.56 0.1929% MA 513.26 -0.0331%

X-efficiency

Updated on August 29, 2023

The term was coined by Harvard Economist Harvey Leibenstein, who argued that a lack of competition between corporations results in inefficiencies to its labour input. It defines a firm?s failure to generate maximum output with the given input due to competitive forces.